Approach trajectory planning system for maximum concealment

A computer-simulation study was undertaken to investigate a maximum concealment guidance technique (pop-up maneuver), which military aircraft may use to capture a glide path from masked, low-altitude flight typical of terrain following/terrain avoidance flight enroute. The guidance system applied to this problem is the Fuel Conservative Guidance System. Previous studies using this system have concentrated on the saving of fuel in basically conventional land and ship-based operations. Because this system is based on energy-management concepts, it also has direct application to the pop-up approach which exploits aircraft performance. Although the algorithm was initially designed to reduce fuel consumption, the commanded deceleration is at its upper limit during the pop-up and, therefore, is a good approximation of a minimum-time solution. Using the model of a powered-lift aircraft, the results of the study demonstrated that guidance commands generated by the system are well within the capability of an automatic flight-control system. Results for several initial approach conditions are presented

MLS vertical guidance and navigation for a STOL airplane landing on an elevated STOLport

In contrast to CTOL landing operations, STOL airplanes landing on short STOLport runways typically begin the flare maneuver before reaching the runway surface. Vertical guidance procedures were developed to allow an autoland flight control system for a STOL airplane to use Microwave Landing System (MLS) signals as altitude and sink rate references for flare initiation, with a transition to radar altimeter after the airplane is over the runway. The implementation has minimum impact on the control system and landing performance. Data are presented which show validation of the concepts in a simulator

A flight investigation of a 4D area navigation system concept for STOL aircraft in the terminal area

A digital avionics system referred to as STOLAND was test flown in the NASA CV-340 aircraft to obtain performance data for time controlled guidance in the manual flight director mode. The advanced system components installed in the cockpit included an electronic attitude director indicator and an electronic multifunction display. Navigation guidance and control computations were performed on a digital computer. A detailed 4D area navigation systems description is given. The pilot/system interface and systems operation and performance are also described. Approach flightpaths were flown which included a 180 deg turn and a 1-min, 5 deg straight-in approach to 30 m altitude, at which point go-around was initiated. Results are presented for 19 approaches

Strangers in a Strange Land: Foreign Compulsion and the Extraterritorial Application of United States Employment Law

The increasingly interdependent nature of the world economy has made commonplace the overseas employment of United States citizens by United States multinational corporations. When an American company employs a United States citizen in a foreign country questions arise as to what extent the United States may regulate employment activity taking place outside of United States territorial boundaries. Historically, principles of territoriality and nationality have constrained the ability of a sovereign state to prescribe conduct occurring outside of its boundaries. Under traditional principles of jurisdiction, employee relations fell predominantly under the control of the local authorities where the person or persons in question were employed. Jurisdictional principles, however, have come to reflect the increasing complexity of international business relations. Today, principles of reasonableness and fairness supplement rigid concepts of territoriality

Jane Jacob\u27s Moral Explorations

This essay reviews Jane Jacobs’s three major books: The Death and Life of Great American Cities,Cities and the Wealth of Nations, and The Nature of Economies. It traces her development of a hierarchy of places from neighborhoods to city regions to nations and the earth. All her places are defined by their predominant social activities, not by geographical boundaries. The themes of diversity, experimentation, adaptability, and democracy inform all her writings and form the basis of her moral analysis. Jacobs’s methods are contrasted to those of Lewis Mumford and the similarities of their moral concerns noted. Her latest book, a review of the basic hypotheses of ecology, successfully presents the idea that through self-correction, differentiation, and diversification, humans and their fellow organisms can best find sustainability

To Dwell Is to Garden

One of the more welcome changes in Boston's urban landscape has been the recent transformation of abandoned lots in to flourishing community gardens. In To Dwell Is to Garden, a distinguished scholar and a veteran photographer join forces to provide a history and a celebration of these urban oases and of the people who have made them possible. Sam Bass Warner, Jr., traces the origins of Boston's urban community gardens back to the English allotment gardens created to keep country folk from starving during the first great wave of urbanization. Warner suggests that today's urban community gardens owe their existence not to philanthropy or patriotism but to an activist impulse stemming from the civil rights movement, which emphasized self-help, local autonomy, and personal dignity to combat the problems of urban decay. The spirit of today's urban community gardens is captured in Hansi Durlach's compelling photographs of those individuals, young and old, who have worked together to clear the rubble and till the soil. From China and Chile, from Italy and Arkansas, from the suburbs and from next door, their comments, recorded by Durlach, linger in the mind and in the heart. Originally pubished by Northeastern University Press in 1987. With a new foreword by Jill Eshelman

Strangers in a Strange Land: Foreign Compulsion and the Extraterritorial Application of United States Employment Law

The increasingly interdependent nature of the world economy has made commonplace the overseas employment of United States citizens by United States multinational corporations. When an American company employs a United States citizen in a foreign country questions arise as to what extent the United States may regulate employment activity taking place outside of United States territorial boundaries. Historically, principles of territoriality and nationality have constrained the ability of a sovereign state to prescribe conduct occurring outside of its boundaries. Under traditional principles of jurisdiction, employee relations fell predominantly under the control of the local authorities where the person or persons in question were employed. Jurisdictional principles, however, have come to reflect the increasing complexity of international business relations. Today, principles of reasonableness and fairness supplement rigid concepts of territoriality